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- $Unique_ID{BRK03822}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Hidradenitis Suppurativa}
- $Subject{Hidradenitis Suppurativa Axilla Abscess Sweat Gland Abscess
- Hidrosadenitis Axillaris Hidrosadenitis Suppurativa Aural Furunculosis
- American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 358:
- Hidradenitis Suppurativa
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Hidradenitis Suppurativa)
- is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the
- alternative names, disorder subdivisions, and related disorders covered by
- this article
-
- Synonyms
-
- Axilla Abscess
- Sweat Gland Abscess
- Hidrosadenitis Axillaris
- Hidrosadenitis Suppurativa
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Furunculosis
- Aural Furunculosis
- American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Hidradenitis Suppurativa is a bacterial infection that occurs in certain
- areas of the body producing obstruction and rupture of the apocrine glands
- (similar to sweat glands). These locally infected areas, seen as swellings
- or nodules just under the skin, can cause deep painful inflammations that
- resemble boils.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Hidradenitis Suppurativa is marked by small swellings or nodules just under
- the skin causing deep painful inflammations usually in the armpit area
- (axilla), groin or both. These lesions may also be found around the nipples
- or anus. They appear to be boils, but tend to be more persistent.
-
- The infections are diagnosed primarily by their location and symptoms.
- Pain, tenderness of affected areas of the body (which may improve then get
- worse), a general feeling of discomfort, and discharge of pus through
- specially formed tracts (suppuration) are characteristic of this disorder.
- Some fever and weight loss may also occur with Hidradenitis Suppurativa.
-
- In later stages, a tumor-like mass with scarring bands of tissue may
- occur in inflamed areas. Relapses may occur after treatment. This
- condition may become disabling in some cases that do not respond to
- treatment.
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of Hidradenitis Suppurativa is unknown. Scientists think
- that widespread skin pore blockage and rupture of the apocrine glands
- (similar to sweat glands), certain irritant hair removers (depilatories), or
- deodorants, or an endocrine disorder may trigger the initial bacterial
- infection.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Hidradenitis Suppurativa usually begins at puberty. It affects men and
- women in equal numbers.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Furunculosis, also known as boils, is a painful bacterial infection of hair
- follicles or the glands which lubricate the skin with an oily substance
- called sebum (sebaceous glands). Boils are usually caused by staphylococcus
- bacteria and can result from a lack of good hygiene. Other contributing
- factors that make a person vulnerable to boils may include obesity, diabetes
- mellitus, blood disorders, general ill health or malnutrition. Boils are red
- tender swellings or nodules of the skin. They may rupture and discharge a
- creamy yellow pus, and may occasionally recur.
-
- Aural Furunculosis is marked by a painful bacterial infection (usually
- caused by staphylococcus) of the hair follicles or lubricating glands in the
- ear. This disorder can result from a scratch in the ear or discharge of pus
- from the middle ear. Susceptibility is often associated with boils in other
- parts of the body, diabetes, or general ill health. Some hearing loss, ear
- pressure due to swelling in the ear and fever is symptomatic of Aural
- Furunculosis. This swelling will eventually burst and drain. With proper
- medical care it usually will not cause permanent damage to the ear.
-
- American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is a skin disorder marked by various
- skin lesions spread by the bite of a sandfly (Phlebotomus). The disorder
- occurs throughout Central and South America. Use of insecticides in these
- areas of the world is helping to decrease the incidence of this disorder.
- There are various forms of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis distinguished by
- the degree of severity. Severe itching, joint pain, weight loss, and general
- poor health are symptomatic of all forms of this disorder.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Patients susceptible to Hidradenitis Suppurativa should avoid use of
- antiperspirants or other skin irritant chemicals including hair removers
- (depilatories). Symptoms are usually treated with rest, moist heat, and
- prolonged systematic use of antibiotic therapy. Surgery or plastic surgery
- repair of affected areas may be necessary in the most persistent cases.
-
- Tests conducted among patients with long-term Hidradenitis Suppurativa to
- determine the most effective surgical treatment have shown a high rate (54%)
- of recurrence at the same site after surgical removal. Recommendations were
- made to use either excision and split skin grafting (13% rate of recurrence
- at same site) or excision and local skin flap cover (19% rate of recurrence
- at same site).
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- A combined treatment with antiandrogen (a substance used to suppress
- masculinization) known as cyproterone acetate, and estrogen therapy, is being
- tested in women with long standing serious cases of Hidradenitis Suppurativa.
- In some cases, control of the condition has been successful with cyproterone
- acetate. The use of this treatment is still under investigation to
- determine its long-term effectiveness and side effects.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- March 1987. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Hidradenitis Suppurativa, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5717
-
- The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
- Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- References
-
- CONTROL OF HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA IN WOMEN USING COMBINED ANTIANDROGEN
- (CYPROTERONE ACETATE) AND OESTROGEN THERAPY: R.S. Sawers, et. al.; Br J
- Dermatol (September 1986, issue 115(3)). Pp.269-274.
-
- HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA--A CLINICAL REVIEW: J.D. Watson; Br J Plast
- Surg (October 1985, issue 38(4)). Pp. 567-569.
-
-